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Insomnia - Causes, Symptoms and Prevention

ByPriyanka Hochumin - April 18, 2022

Insomnia - Causes, Symptoms and Prevention
Image Credit : Adobe Stock

A sleep disorder means individuals have trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or both. Insomnia condition is either acute or chronic. It is not permanent; it may come and go.

Acute or short-term: Lasts for 1 night to a few weeks.

Chronic or long-term: At least 3 nights a week for 3 months.

Types and Causes of Insomnia

The cause of insomnia varies from one person to other, but it must be among the below mentioned. 

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The reasons for short-term insomnia include,

  • Jet lag
  • Stress
  • Physical pain
  • An upsetting or traumatic event
  • Certain medications
  • Irritating feel due to noise, temperature, or light
  • Trouble sleeping in the new environment etc.

Chronic insomnia is classified as primary or secondary.

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There is no known cause for primary insomnia whereas,

Secondary insomnia occurs due to health condition which includes,

  • Psychological issues, such as depression or anxiety
  • Sleep apnea or restless leg syndrome
  • Arthritis or bipolar disorder or back pain or schizophrenia
  • Hypothyroidism and other endocrine problems
  • Substance use (caffeine, tobacco or alcohol etc.)
  • Medications for allergies, cold, depression, asthma, and high blood pressure.

Symptoms of Insomnia

Lack of sleep will make your day slothful. The major symptoms of insomnia will be,

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  • Drowsiness during the day
  • Wake up before time in the morning
  • Trouble falling or staying asleep
  • Complication with memory or concentration
  • Unrefreshing sleep.

These symptoms can lead to other troubles like,

  • Fatigue
  • Mood changes
  • Grumpiness

Risk Factors

  • Aged people are at high risk 
  • People with mental health issues
  • Change in working shifts
  • Individuals with long term illness
  • Travel to different timezone
  • If you are pregnant and going through menopause
  • Emotional disorders such as stress and depression.

Complications

Our body and brain are worked up during the daytime, so they need to relax. It can be done during a good night's sleep. If you are awake and the reason is insomnia, you could have:

  • If you're an older woman, you could faint
  • A major risk in health like obesity, high blood pressure, and depression
  • Weak immune system
  • You can't concentrate or focus on a particular thing
  • Anxiety and grumpiness.
  • It can affect your daily routine and includes:
  • Affect your memory
  • Can't perform well at school or work
  • Slower reaction time leads to a car crash
  • Lower your sex drive.

Prevention of Insomnia

  • If you have good sleep habits, you may overcome insomnia.
  • Including weekends make sure your bedtime and wake up time are constant.
  • Don't take naps during the daytime. Keep yourselves active throughout the day. It will help with a good night's sleep.
  • Avoid using phones or e-books before bed; their bright light will distract your sleep.
  • Have some hobbies that can relax you before going to bed. Take a warm bath, read some books, or listen to music.
  • Don't have a heavy meal at night; it troubles you to get sleep. Thus, a light bite before bed helps you to sleep.
  • You can check your medications if they lead to insomnia.
  • Keep your bedroom comfortable and use it only for sex and sleep.
  • Avoid alcohol or caffeine, and don't use nicotine.

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